6,258 research outputs found
Sources of economic renewal: from the traditional firm to the knowledge firm
We build on the imperfection of intellectual property rights as the central motivation for the organization of firms. There are several characteristics specific to a theory of the firm grounded on the absence of intellectual property rights: monetary incentive schemes arise naturally as a element of the organization and strategy of the firm, since profits are verifiable; firm's boundaries and the degree of centralization respond to the same economic principle; the sunk cost of physical assets plays a role of 'anchoring' non-patentable knowledge inside the firm, improving the appropriability of intellectual capital. Moreover, the model implies that 'small' changes in primitives (particularly small reductions in entry costs) may have drastic implications in organizations, inducing firms to shift from a strategy of building up physical capital, which improves appropriability, to a strategy of reliance on employee 'empowerment' (under which employees combine equity holding with being fully informed). The former strategy is characterized instead by flat wages and by employees' restricted access to the intellectual capital of the firm. The model may shed light in the theoretical explanation of observed industrial restructuring. JEL Classification: C70, D23, D43, D82, L11, L22, O31
Supersymmetrizing 5d instanton operators
We construct a supersymmetric version of instanton operators in
five-dimensional Yang-Mills theories. This is possible by considering a
five-dimensional generalization of the familiar four-dimensional topologically
twisted theory, where the gauge configurations corresponding to instanton
operators are supersymmetric.Comment: 8 pages; v2: additional references added, typos correcte
5d gauge theories on orbifolds and 4d 't Hooft line indices
We study indices for 5d gauge theories on S^1 \times S^4/Z_n. In the large
orbifold limit, n \rightarrow \infty, we find evidence that the indices become
4d indices in the presence of a 't Hooft line operator. The non-perturbative
part of the index poses some subtleties when being compared to the 4d monopole
bubbling which happens in the presence of 't Hooft line operators. We study
such monopole bubbling indices and find an interesting connection to the
Hilbert series of the moduli space of instantons on an auxiliary ALE space.Comment: 43 page
Aspects of the moduli space of instantons on and its orbifolds
We study the moduli space of self-dual instantons on . These
are described by an ADHM-like construction which allows to compute the Hilbert
series of the moduli space. The latter has been found to be blind to certain
compact directions. In this paper we probe these, finding them to correspond to
a Grassmanian, upon considering appropriate ungaugings. Moreover, the ADHM-like
construction can be embedded into a gauge theory with a known gravity
dual. Using this, we realize in (part of) the instanton moduli
space providing at the same time further evidence supporting the
duality. Moreover, upon orbifolding, we provide the ADHM-like construction of
instantons on as well as compute its Hilbert
series. As in the unorbifolded case, these turn out to coincide with those for
instantons on .Comment: 65 page
On the 5d instanton index as a Hilbert series
The superconformal index for N=2 5d theories contains a non-perturbative part
arising from 5d instantonic operators which coincides with the Nekrasov
instanton partition function. In this note, for pure gauge theories, we
elaborate on the relation between such instanton index and the Hilbert series
of the instanton moduli space. We propose a non-trivial identification of
fugacities allowing the computation of the instanton index through the Hilbert
series. We show the agreement of our proposal with existing results in the
literature, as well as use it to compute the exact index for a pure U(1) gauge
theory.Comment: 13 pages, 2 figure
The ADHM-like Constructions for Instantons on CP^2 and Three Dimensional Gauge Theories
We study the moduli spaces of self-dual instantons on CP^2 in a simple group
G. When G is a classical group, these instanton solutions can be realised using
ADHM-like constructions which can be naturally embedded into certain three
dimensional quiver gauge theories with 4 supercharges. The topological data for
such instanton bundles and their relations to the quiver gauge theories are
described. Based on such gauge theory constructions, we compute the Hilbert
series of the moduli spaces of instantons that correspond to various
configurations. The results turn out to be equal to the Hilbert series of their
counterparts on C^2 upon an appropriate mapping, in agreement with the result
of [arXiv:0802.3120]. We check the former against the Hilbert series derived
from the blowup formula for the Hirzebruch surface F_1 and find an agreement.
The connection between the moduli spaces of instantons on such two spaces is
explained in detail.Comment: 40 pages; v2: references edite
Boundary Conformal Anomalies on Hyperbolic Spaces and Euclidean Balls
We compute conformal anomalies for conformal field theories with free
conformal scalars and massless spin fields in hyperbolic space
and in the ball , for . These
spaces are related by a conformal transformation. In even dimensional spaces,
the conformal anomalies on and are shown to
be identical. In odd dimensional spaces, the conformal anomaly on
comes from a boundary contribution, which exactly coincides
with that of provided one identifies the UV short-distance
cutoff on with the inverse large distance IR cutoff on
, just as prescribed by the conformal map. As an
application, we determine, for the first time, the conformal anomaly
coefficients multiplying the Euler characteristic of the boundary for scalars
and half-spin fields with various boundary conditions in and .Comment: 16 pages. V3: small correction
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